{"id":117,"date":"2026-11-01T13:48:15","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T13:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/"},"modified":"2026-11-01T13:48:15","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T13:48:15","slug":"writing","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/","title":{"rendered":"Armenian (Iranian Armenian): Writing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"pf\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" data-site=\"\/language\/\" data-net=\"idcdc\" data-kit=\"d46\" data-kind=\"page\">\n<div class=\"pf-top pf-nv\" data-pf-nav=\"\" data-pf-more=\"More\">\n<a class=\"pf-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/\"><svg class=\"pf-mark pf-mark--girih\" viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\" width=\"30\" height=\"30\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><polygon points=\"94.3,68.4 68.4,94.3 31.6,94.3 5.7,68.4 5.7,31.6 31.6,5.7 68.4,5.7 94.3,31.6\" class=\"m1f\"\/><polygon points=\"50,10 59.2,27.8 78.3,21.7 72.2,40.8 90,50 72.2,59.2 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class=\"pf-crumbs\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\"><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/\">IDCDC<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/\">Language<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/\">Armenian (Iranian Armenian)<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Writing<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<header class=\"pf-hero\">\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__art\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__rule\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg class=\"pf-rule-art pf-rule-art--knot\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><defs><pattern id=\"pf-knot\" width=\"48\" height=\"20\" patternUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\"><path d=\"M24,3L28.9,14.9M28.9,5.1L24,17M31,10L19.1,14.9M28.9,14.9L17,10M24,17L19.1,5.1M19.1,14.9L24,3M17,10L28.9,5.1M19.1,5.1L31,10M0,10H14.5M33.5,10H48\"\/><\/pattern><\/defs><rect width=\"100%\" height=\"20\" fill=\"url(#pf-knot)\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__text\">\n    <p class=\"pf-eyebrow\"><span>Writing<\/span><\/p>\n    <h1 class=\"pf-h1\">Armenian (Iranian Armenian): writing<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"pf-lede\">How Armenian (Iranian Armenian) is written: scripts, the alphabet, romanisation, numerals, keyboards and fonts.<\/p>\n    \n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"pf-hero__aside\"><p class=\"pf-specimen\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576<\/p><\/div>\n  \n<\/header>\n<nav class=\"pf-lx-tabs\" aria-label=\"Armenian (Iranian Armenian): pages\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/\">Overview<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/\" aria-current=\"page\">Writing<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/linguistics\/\">Linguistics<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/learn\/\">Learn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/resources\/\">Resources and preservation<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n<nav class=\"pf-toc\" aria-label=\"On this page\"><p class=\"pf-toc__h\">On this page<\/p><ol><li><a href=\"#s1\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">01<\/span><span>Scripts<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s2\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">02<\/span><span>Alphabet chart: Armenian alphabet<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s3\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">03<\/span><span>Romanisation and transliteration<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s4\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">04<\/span><span>Numerals<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s5\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">05<\/span><span>Orthography and standards<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s6\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">06<\/span><span>Keyboards and typing<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s7\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">07<\/span><span>Fonts<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s8\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">08<\/span><span>Sources<\/span><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#s9\"><span class=\"pf-toc__n\">09<\/span><span>Research and sources<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s1\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">01<\/span>Scripts<\/h2>\n  \n  <ul class=\"pf-cards pf-cards--3 pf-cards--lx-script\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-card\">\n  <p class=\"pf-card__meta\"><span translate=\"no\">ISO 15924 Armn<\/span> \u00b7 Left to right<\/p>\n  <h3 class=\"pf-card__title\"><span class=\"pf-lx-card__native\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0561 \u0562 \u0563 \u0564<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/scripts\/armenian\/\">Armenian alphabet<\/a><\/h3>\n  <p class=\"pf-card__text\">38 letters, in capital and small forms.<\/p>\n  \n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s2\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">02<\/span>Alphabet chart: Armenian alphabet<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Letters: Unicode CLDR exemplar characters for hy.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-chart\" id=\"pf-lx-chart-armenian-10\" data-pf-mod=\"scriptchart\" data-lx=\"{&quot;lang&quot;:&quot;hy&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;ltr&quot;,&quot;join&quot;:false,&quot;letters&quot;:[[&quot;\u0561&quot;,&quot;U+0561&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ayb&quot;,&quot;a&quot;,&quot;\u0251&quot;],[&quot;\u0562&quot;,&quot;U+0562&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ben&quot;,&quot;b&quot;,&quot;b&quot;],[&quot;\u0563&quot;,&quot;U+0563&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter gim&quot;,&quot;g&quot;,&quot;\u0261&quot;],[&quot;\u0564&quot;,&quot;U+0564&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter da&quot;,&quot;d&quot;,&quot;d&quot;],[&quot;\u0565&quot;,&quot;U+0565&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ech&quot;,&quot;e \/ y&quot;,&quot;\u025b, j\u025b&quot;],[&quot;\u0566&quot;,&quot;U+0566&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter za&quot;,&quot;z&quot;,&quot;z&quot;],[&quot;\u0567&quot;,&quot;U+0567&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter eh&quot;,&quot;\u0113&quot;,&quot;\u025b&quot;],[&quot;\u0568&quot;,&quot;U+0568&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter et&quot;,&quot;\u011b&quot;,&quot;\u0259&quot;],[&quot;\u0569&quot;,&quot;U+0569&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter to&quot;,&quot;t\u02bb&quot;,&quot;t\u02b0&quot;],[&quot;\u056a&quot;,&quot;U+056A&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter zhe&quot;,&quot;zh&quot;,&quot;\u0292&quot;],[&quot;\u056b&quot;,&quot;U+056B&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ini&quot;,&quot;i&quot;,&quot;i&quot;],[&quot;\u056c&quot;,&quot;U+056C&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter liwn&quot;,&quot;l&quot;,&quot;l&quot;],[&quot;\u056d&quot;,&quot;U+056D&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter xeh&quot;,&quot;kh&quot;,&quot;\u03c7&quot;],[&quot;\u056e&quot;,&quot;U+056E&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ca&quot;,&quot;ts&quot;,&quot;ts&quot;],[&quot;\u056f&quot;,&quot;U+056F&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ken&quot;,&quot;k&quot;,&quot;k&quot;],[&quot;\u0570&quot;,&quot;U+0570&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ho&quot;,&quot;h&quot;,&quot;h&quot;],[&quot;\u0571&quot;,&quot;U+0571&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ja&quot;,&quot;dz&quot;,&quot;dz&quot;],[&quot;\u0572&quot;,&quot;U+0572&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ghad&quot;,&quot;gh&quot;,&quot;\u0281&quot;],[&quot;\u0573&quot;,&quot;U+0573&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter cheh&quot;,&quot;ch&quot;,&quot;t\u0361\u0283&quot;],[&quot;\u0574&quot;,&quot;U+0574&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter men&quot;,&quot;m&quot;,&quot;m&quot;],[&quot;\u0575&quot;,&quot;U+0575&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter yi&quot;,&quot;y&quot;,&quot;j&quot;],[&quot;\u0576&quot;,&quot;U+0576&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter now&quot;,&quot;n&quot;,&quot;n&quot;],[&quot;\u0577&quot;,&quot;U+0577&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter sha&quot;,&quot;sh&quot;,&quot;\u0283&quot;],[&quot;\u0578&quot;,&quot;U+0578&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter vo&quot;,&quot;o&quot;,&quot;\u0254, v\u0254&quot;],[&quot;\u0579&quot;,&quot;U+0579&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter cha&quot;,&quot;ch\u02bb&quot;,&quot;t\u0361\u0283\u02b0&quot;],[&quot;\u057a&quot;,&quot;U+057A&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter peh&quot;,&quot;p&quot;,&quot;p&quot;],[&quot;\u057b&quot;,&quot;U+057B&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter jheh&quot;,&quot;j&quot;,&quot;d\u0361\u0292&quot;],[&quot;\u057c&quot;,&quot;U+057C&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter ra&quot;,&quot;\u1e5b&quot;,&quot;r&quot;],[&quot;\u057d&quot;,&quot;U+057D&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter seh&quot;,&quot;s&quot;,&quot;s&quot;],[&quot;\u057e&quot;,&quot;U+057E&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter vew&quot;,&quot;v&quot;,&quot;v&quot;],[&quot;\u057f&quot;,&quot;U+057F&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter tiwn&quot;,&quot;t&quot;,&quot;t&quot;],[&quot;\u0580&quot;,&quot;U+0580&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter reh&quot;,&quot;r&quot;,&quot;\u027e&quot;],[&quot;\u0581&quot;,&quot;U+0581&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter co&quot;,&quot;ts\u02bb&quot;,&quot;ts\u02b0&quot;],[&quot;\u0582&quot;,&quot;U+0582&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter yiwn&quot;,&quot;w&quot;,&quot;v&quot;],[&quot;\u0583&quot;,&quot;U+0583&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter piwr&quot;,&quot;p\u02bb&quot;,&quot;p\u02b0&quot;],[&quot;\u0584&quot;,&quot;U+0584&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter keh&quot;,&quot;k\u02bb&quot;,&quot;k\u02b0&quot;],[&quot;\u0585&quot;,&quot;U+0585&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter oh&quot;,&quot;\u014d&quot;,&quot;\u0254&quot;],[&quot;\u0586&quot;,&quot;U+0586&quot;,&quot;armenian small letter feh&quot;,&quot;f&quot;,&quot;f&quot;]]}\">\n<div class=\"pf-lx-chart__bar\" hidden><label class=\"pf-lx-field\"><span>Find a letter<\/span><input type=\"search\" class=\"pf-lx-chart__q\" autocomplete=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\"><\/label><p class=\"pf-lx-chart__count\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p><\/div>\n<ol class=\"pf-lx-chart__grid\" role=\"list\" dir=\"ltr\"><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"0\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0561<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">a<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"1\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0562<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"2\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0563<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"3\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0564<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"4\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0565<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">e \/ y<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"5\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0566<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"6\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0567<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u0113<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"7\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0568<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u011b<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"8\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0569<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">t\u02bb<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"9\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u056a<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">zh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"10\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u056b<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">i<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"11\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u056c<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"12\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u056d<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">kh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"13\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u056e<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">ts<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"14\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u056f<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"15\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0570<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"16\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0571<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">dz<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"17\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0572<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">gh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"18\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0573<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">ch<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"19\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0574<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"20\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0575<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">y<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"21\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0576<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"22\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0577<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">sh<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"23\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0578<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">o<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"24\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0579<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">ch\u02bb<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"25\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057a<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"26\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057b<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"27\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057c<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u1e5b<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"28\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057d<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"29\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057e<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"30\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u057f<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"31\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0580<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"32\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0581<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">ts\u02bb<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"33\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0582<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">w<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"34\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0583<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">p\u02bb<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"35\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0584<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">k\u02bb<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"36\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0585<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">\u014d<\/span><\/li><li class=\"pf-lx-tile\" data-lx-i=\"37\"><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__g\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0586<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-tile__r\" translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n<div class=\"pf-lx-chart__detail\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><\/div>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"name\" hidden>Unicode name<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"cp\" hidden>Code point<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"rom\" hidden>Romanisation<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"ipa\" hidden>Sound (IPA)<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"forms\" hidden>Forms<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"iso\" hidden>Alone<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"ini\" hidden>Initial<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"med\" hidden>Medial<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"fin\" hidden>Final<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"upper\" hidden>Capital<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"copy\" hidden>Copy<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"copied\" hidden>Copied<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"n\" hidden>{n} letters<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"pick\" hidden>Select a letter to see its forms, code point and sound.<\/span>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>Show as a table<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Letter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Code point<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Unicode name<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Romanisation<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Sound (IPA)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0561<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0561<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ayb<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">a<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0251<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0562<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0562<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ben<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0563<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0563<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter gim<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0261<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0564<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0564<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter da<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0565<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0565<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ech<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">e \/ y<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u025b, j\u025b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0566<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0566<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter za<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0567<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0567<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter eh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u0113<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u025b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0568<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0568<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter et<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u011b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0259<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0569<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0569<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter to<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">t\u02bb<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t\u02b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+056A<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter zhe<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">zh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0292<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+056B<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ini<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">i<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">i<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+056C<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter liwn<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+056D<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter xeh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">kh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u03c7<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+056E<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ca<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">ts<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">ts<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+056F<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ken<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0570<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0570<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ho<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0571<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0571<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ja<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">dz<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">dz<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0572<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0572<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ghad<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">gh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0281<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0573<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0573<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter cheh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">ch<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t\u0361\u0283<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0574<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0574<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter men<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0575<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0575<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter yi<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">y<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0576<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0576<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter now<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0577<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0577<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter sha<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">sh<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0283<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0578<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0578<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter vo<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">o<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0254, v\u0254<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0579<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0579<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter cha<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">ch\u02bb<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t\u0361\u0283\u02b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+057A<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter peh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+057B<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter jheh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">d\u0361\u0292<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+057C<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter ra<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e5b<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+057D<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter seh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+057E<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter vew<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+057F<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter tiwn<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0580<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0580<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter reh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u027e<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0581<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0581<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter co<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">ts\u02bb<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">ts\u02b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0582<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0582<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter yiwn<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">w<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0583<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0583<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter piwr<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">p\u02bb<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">p\u02b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0584<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0584<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter keh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">k\u02bb<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">k\u02b0<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0585<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0585<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter oh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">\u014d<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">\u0254<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0586<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0586<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter feh<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0578\u0582<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0578 U+0582<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small letter vo + armenian small letter yiwn<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">u<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">u<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0587<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">U+0587<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\" class=\"pf-lx-uname\">armenian small ligature ech yiwn<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">ev<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"pf-lx-ipa\" translate=\"no\">j\u025bv<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/div><ul class=\"pf-list\"><li>38 letters, in capital and small forms.<\/li><li>Traditional numerals use the letters: \u0531 is 1, \u053a is 10, \u0543 is 100, \u054c is 1,000 (CLDR numbering system armn).<\/li><li>IPA here follows Eastern Armenian.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Sources<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/versions\/Unicode18.0.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"translit\"><\/span><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s3\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">03<\/span>Romanisation and transliteration<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Writing the language in other letters, by open published standards. Libraries use the ALA-LC tables for names and titles.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-tr\" id=\"pf-lx-tr-hy-alalc\" data-pf-mod=\"translit\" data-lx=\"{&quot;hy-alalc&quot;:{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Armenian to Latin, ALA-LC (2022)&quot;,&quot;from&quot;:&quot;hy&quot;,&quot;to&quot;:&quot;Latn&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:&quot;alalc-armenian&quot;,&quot;dir&quot;:&quot;ltr&quot;,&quot;map&quot;:{&quot;\u0561&quot;:&quot;a&quot;,&quot;\u0562&quot;:&quot;b&quot;,&quot;\u0563&quot;:&quot;g&quot;,&quot;\u0564&quot;:&quot;d&quot;,&quot;\u0565&quot;:&quot;e&quot;,&quot;\u0566&quot;:&quot;z&quot;,&quot;\u0567&quot;:&quot;\u0113&quot;,&quot;\u0568&quot;:&quot;\u011b&quot;,&quot;\u0569&quot;:&quot;t\u02bb&quot;,&quot;\u056a&quot;:&quot;zh&quot;,&quot;\u056b&quot;:&quot;i&quot;,&quot;\u056c&quot;:&quot;l&quot;,&quot;\u056d&quot;:&quot;kh&quot;,&quot;\u056e&quot;:&quot;ts&quot;,&quot;\u056f&quot;:&quot;k&quot;,&quot;\u0570&quot;:&quot;h&quot;,&quot;\u0571&quot;:&quot;dz&quot;,&quot;\u0572&quot;:&quot;gh&quot;,&quot;\u0573&quot;:&quot;ch&quot;,&quot;\u0574&quot;:&quot;m&quot;,&quot;\u0575&quot;:&quot;y&quot;,&quot;\u0576&quot;:&quot;n&quot;,&quot;\u0577&quot;:&quot;sh&quot;,&quot;\u0578&quot;:&quot;o&quot;,&quot;\u0579&quot;:&quot;ch\u02bb&quot;,&quot;\u057a&quot;:&quot;p&quot;,&quot;\u057b&quot;:&quot;j&quot;,&quot;\u057c&quot;:&quot;\u1e5b&quot;,&quot;\u057d&quot;:&quot;s&quot;,&quot;\u057e&quot;:&quot;v&quot;,&quot;\u057f&quot;:&quot;t&quot;,&quot;\u0580&quot;:&quot;r&quot;,&quot;\u0581&quot;:&quot;ts\u02bb&quot;,&quot;\u0582&quot;:&quot;w&quot;,&quot;\u0583&quot;:&quot;p\u02bb&quot;,&quot;\u0584&quot;:&quot;k\u02bb&quot;,&quot;\u0585&quot;:&quot;\u014d&quot;,&quot;\u0586&quot;:&quot;f&quot;,&quot;\u0587&quot;:&quot;ev&quot;},&quot;digraphs&quot;:{&quot;\u0578\u0582&quot;:&quot;u&quot;},&quot;caps&quot;:true,&quot;note&quot;:&quot;Letter by letter, Eastern and Classical values. \u0565 is e, written y at the start of a name before a vowel in Classical orthography; this demo always writes e.&quot;,&quot;sample&quot;:&quot;\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576&quot;}}\">\n<div class=\"pf-lx-tr__form\" hidden>\n\n<label class=\"pf-lx-field pf-lx-field--wide\"><span>Text<\/span><textarea class=\"pf-lx-tr__in\" rows=\"2\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" spellcheck=\"false\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576<\/textarea><\/label>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-tr__std-name\">Armenian to Latin, ALA-LC (2022)<\/p>\n<div class=\"pf-lx-tr__pair\"><p class=\"pf-lx-tr__src\" lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\">\u0540\u0561\u0575\u0565\u0580\u0565\u0576<\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-tr__out\" aria-live=\"polite\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">Hayeren<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note pf-lx-tr__note\">Letter by letter, Eastern and Classical values. \u0565 is e, written y at the start of a name before a vowel in Classical orthography; this demo always writes e.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Nothing you type leaves your browser. A teaching aid: check any text against the standard before you use it.<\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>Armenian to Latin, ALA-LC (2022)<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Letter<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Becomes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0561<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">a<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0562<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0563<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">g<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0564<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">d<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0565<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">e<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0566<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">z<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0567<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u0113<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0568<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u011b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0569<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">t\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">zh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">i<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">l<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">kh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">ts<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u056f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">k<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0570<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">h<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0571<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">dz<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0572<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">gh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0573<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">ch<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0574<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">m<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0575<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">y<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0576<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">n<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0577<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">sh<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0578<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">o<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0579<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">ch\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057a<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">p<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057b<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">j<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057c<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u1e5b<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057d<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">s<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057e<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">v<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u057f<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">t<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0580<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">r<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0581<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">ts\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0582<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">w<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0583<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">p\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0584<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">k\u02bb<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0585<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">\u014d<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0586<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">f<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span lang=\"hy\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"pf-lx-glyph\">\u0587<\/span><\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">ev<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Sources<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/catdir\/cpso\/romanization\/armenian.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Armenian, 2022 version.<\/a> (2022)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><\/p><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-anchor\" id=\"numerals\"><\/span><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s4\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">04<\/span>Numerals<\/h2>\n  \n  <div class=\"pf-mod pf-lx-num\" id=\"pf-lx-num-latn-armn\" data-pf-mod=\"numerals\" data-lx=\"{&quot;systems&quot;:[[&quot;latn&quot;,&quot;Western digits&quot;,&quot;0123456789&quot;,0],[&quot;armn&quot;,&quot;Armenian letter numerals&quot;,&quot;&quot;,9999]]}\">\n<p class=\"pf-lx-num__in\" hidden><label class=\"pf-lx-field\"><span>Number<\/span><input type=\"text\" inputmode=\"numeric\" value=\"2026\" autocomplete=\"off\" dir=\"ltr\"><\/label><\/p>\n<dl class=\"pf-lx-num__out\"><div class=\"pf-lx-num__row\"><dt>Western digits <span class=\"pf-lx-code\" translate=\"no\">latn<\/span><\/dt><dd data-lx-sys=\"latn\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">2026<\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-lx-num__row\"><dt>Armenian letter numerals <span class=\"pf-lx-code\" translate=\"no\">armn<\/span><\/dt><dd data-lx-sys=\"armn\" translate=\"no\" dir=\"ltr\">\u054d\u053b\u0536<\/dd><\/div><\/dl>\n<span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"range\" hidden>Letter numerals cover 1 to {max}.<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-t\" data-lx-t=\"bad\" hidden>Type a whole number in any of these digits.<\/span>\n<p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Digits from Unicode CLDR numbering systems. Letter numerals are the traditional systems CLDR names armn and hebr.<\/p>\n<details class=\"pf-lx-chart__table\"><summary>Show as a table<\/summary><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Digits<\/th><th scope=\"col\">0<\/th><th scope=\"col\">1<\/th><th scope=\"col\">2<\/th><th scope=\"col\">3<\/th><th scope=\"col\">4<\/th><th scope=\"col\">5<\/th><th scope=\"col\">6<\/th><th scope=\"col\">7<\/th><th scope=\"col\">8<\/th><th scope=\"col\">9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Western digits<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">0<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">1<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">2<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">3<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">4<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">5<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">6<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">7<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">8<\/span><\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">9<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s5\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">05<\/span>Orthography and standards<\/h2>\n  \n  <p class=\"pf-empty\">No official orthography body is recorded for Armenian (Iranian Armenian) yet.<\/p><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Standard<\/th><th scope=\"col\">For this language<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">ISO 639-3<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">hye<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">ISO 15924<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">Armn<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Unicode CLDR locale<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">hy<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Digits<\/th><td><span translate=\"no\">latn, armn<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div><p class=\"pf-lx-src\"><span class=\"pf-lx-src__h\">Sources<\/span> <cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iso639-3.sil.org\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">To verify<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/iso15924\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority.<\/a> (2025)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><span class=\"pf-lx-src__sep\">; <\/span><cite class=\"pf-lx-cite\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> (2026)<\/cite> <span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s6\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">06<\/span>Keyboards and typing<\/h2>\n  \n  <dl class=\"pf-lx-type\"><div><dt>Windows<\/dt><dd>Settings, Time and language, Language and region: add the language, then its keyboard. Switch with Windows key and Space.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>macOS<\/dt><dd>System Settings, Keyboard, Text Input: edit Input Sources and add the keyboard. Switch from the menu bar.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Android<\/dt><dd>In the keyboard app&#8217;s settings (Gboard: Languages), add the language and choose its layout.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>iPhone and iPad<\/dt><dd>Settings, General, Keyboard, Keyboards: add the keyboard. Switch with the globe key.<\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Linux<\/dt><dd>In the desktop settings (GNOME: Keyboard, Input Sources), add the layout.<\/dd><\/div><\/dl><p class=\"pf-lx-note\">Which layouts each system ships for each language changes with every release. Check the list on your device; layouts we have confirmed are named on the language&#8217;s page.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s7\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">07<\/span>Fonts<\/h2>\n  \n  <p>On this platform the language is shown with Noto Sans Armenian. Every face is self-hosted under an open licence.<\/p><div class=\"pf-table-wrap\"><table class=\"pf-table\">\n  \n  <thead><tr><th scope=\"col\">Font<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Scripts<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Licence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n  <tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Vazirmatn<\/span><\/th><td>Persian, Arabic, Dari, South Azerbaijani<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Estedad<\/span><\/th><td>Kurdish in the Arabic-based script, Arabic-script headings<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Noto Sans Armenian<\/span><\/th><td>Armenian<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Noto Sans Syriac Eastern<\/span><\/th><td>Assyrian Neo-Aramaic<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Noto Sans Mandaic<\/span><\/th><td>Mandaic<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Noto Sans Hebrew<\/span><\/th><td>Hebrew, Judeo-Persian<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">Noto Sans Georgian<\/span><\/th><td>Georgian<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span translate=\"no\">IBM Plex Sans and Noto Sans<\/span><\/th><td>Latin and Cyrillic, Kurdish Cyrillic letters<\/td><td><span translate=\"no\">SIL Open Font License 1.1<\/span><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s8\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">08<\/span>Sources<\/h2>\n  \n  <ol class=\"pf-lx-bib\" role=\"list\"><li id=\"src-cldr\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cldr.unicode.org\" rel=\"noopener\">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2026<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span> <span translate=\"no\">Unicode License v3<\/span> Exemplar characters and default numbering systems, read 2026-10-23.<\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-alalc-armenian\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/catdir\/cpso\/romanization\/armenian.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Armenian, 2022 version.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2022<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-ucd\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/versions\/Unicode18.0.0\/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2026<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span> <span translate=\"no\">Unicode License v3<\/span> Character names, code points and block ranges.<\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-iso15924\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicode.org\/iso15924\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2025<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--verified\">Verified<\/span><\/p><\/li><li id=\"src-iso639-3\"><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iso639-3.sil.org\" rel=\"noopener\">ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority.<\/a> <span class=\"pf-lx-bib__y\">2025<\/span><\/p><p class=\"pf-lx-bib__m\"><span class=\"pf-chip pf-chip--to-verify\">To verify<\/span> Codes cross-checked through Glottolog records; the code tables themselves were not read.<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\n<\/section><details class=\"pf-cite\" id=\"cite\"><summary>Cite this page<\/summary><div class=\"pf-cite__body\"><dl class=\"pf-cite__list\">\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">APA<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-apa\" translate=\"no\">Iranian Diaspora Cooperation &#38; Development Council. (2026). <i>Armenian (Iranian Armenian): Writing<\/i>. iranians.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/\">https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-apa\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div><div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">Chicago<\/dt><dd><p class=\"pf-cite__text\" id=\"pf-cite-chicago\" translate=\"no\">Iranian Diaspora Cooperation &#38; Development Council. 2026. \u201cArmenian (Iranian Armenian): Writing.\u201d iranians.global. <a href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/\">https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/<\/a>.<\/p><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-chicago\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">BibTeX<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" translate=\"no\">@misc{idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing,\n\tauthor = {{Iranian Diaspora Cooperation \\&amp; Development Council}},\n\tyear = {2026},\n\tnote = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},\n\ttitle = {Armenian ({Iranian} {Armenian}): Writing},\n\turl = {https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/},\n\thowpublished = {https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/},\n}\n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-bibtex\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/iranians-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing.bib\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing.bib\" download=\"idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing.bib\">Download <span translate=\"no\">.bib<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<div class=\"pf-cite__row\"><dt translate=\"no\">RIS<\/dt><dd><pre class=\"pf-cite__code\" id=\"pf-cite-ris\" translate=\"no\">TY  - ELEC\nAU  - Iranian Diaspora Cooperation &amp; Development Council\nDA  - 2026\/\/\/\nPY  - 2026\nID  - idcdc2026_language_l\nN1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0\nTI  - Armenian (Iranian Armenian): Writing\nUR  - https:\/\/iranians.global\/language\/languages\/hy\/writing\/\nER  - \n<\/pre><p class=\"pf-cite__tools\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"pf-cite__copy\" data-pf-copy=\"pf-cite-ris\" aria-live=\"polite\" hidden><span>Copy<\/span><span hidden>Copied<\/span><\/button><a class=\"pf-cite__dl\" href=\"https:\/\/iranians.global\/wp-content\/plugins\/iranians-site-kit\/assets\/cite\/idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing.ris\" data-pf-asset=\"cite\/idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing.ris\" download=\"idcdc2026_language_languages_hy_writing.ris\">Download <span translate=\"no\">.ris<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/dd><\/div>\n<\/dl><p class=\"pf-cite__meta\">Licence <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" translate=\"no\" rel=\"license\">CC BY 4.0<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/details><section class=\"pf-section\" id=\"s9\">\n  <h2 class=\"pf-h2\"><span class=\"pf-num\">09<\/span>Research and sources<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"pf-intro\">Recent and relevant work on this page&#8217;s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"pf-srchub\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30687\/979-12-5742-061-1\/004\" rel=\"noopener\">The Hyphenated Architect Armenians and Modernist Architecture in Pahlavi Iran<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Grigor Talinn \u00b7 2026 \u00b7 Armenian Art in Iran<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Chapter<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rel17010031\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversion of Christian Armenians to Islam in Iran in the Early Modern Period<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Kristine Kostikyan \u00b7 2025 \u00b7 Religions<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/2330-4804_eiro_com_5710\" rel=\"noopener\">ARMENIANS OF MODERN IRAN<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">A. Amurian, M. Kasheff \u00b7 2020 \u00b7 Encyclopaedia Iranica Online<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Dataset<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__l\" translate=\"no\">CC-BY-NC-ND<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5040\/9781350987883.ch-005\" rel=\"noopener\">Nest of Revolution: The Caucasus, Iran, and Armenians<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Houri Berberian \u00b7 2018 \u00b7 I.B.Tauris eBooks<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Chapter<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAlex<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780429502217-3\" rel=\"noopener\">The Iranian Armenian Community<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Houri Berberian \u00b7 2018 \u00b7 Armenians and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1905\u20141911<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Chapter<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780429502217\" rel=\"noopener\">Armenians and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1905\u20141911<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Houri Berberian \u00b7 2018 \u00b7 Routledge<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Book<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4000\/eac.2694\" rel=\"noopener\">Houri Berberian, Roving Revolutionaries: Armenians and the Connected Revolutions in the Russian, Iranian, and Ottoman Worlds<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Thomas Welsford \u00b7 2021 \u00b7 \u00c9tudes Arm\u00e9niennes Contemporaines<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30497\/flj.2024.244768.1930\" rel=\"noopener\">Historical Changes of Limitations and Causes of Divorce in the Rights of Iranian Armenians<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">azra khatami, Hossein Heidari \u00b7 2024 \u00b7 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">DOAJ<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__oa\">Open access<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01338.x\" rel=\"noopener\">HLA Antigens in Two Iranian Populations: The Armenians and The Jews<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">H Tabatabai, K Mohammad, N Mohagheghpour \u00b7 1978 \u00b7 Tissue Antigens<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25330\/1429\" rel=\"noopener\">The Armenian community in Iran: Issues and emigration<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Gohar Iskandaryan \u00b7 2019<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/157338407x265496\" rel=\"noopener\">The Mass Repatriation of the Armenians from Iran in 1946-1947 (Some Statistical Data)<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Lina Malekian \u00b7 2007 \u00b7 Iran and the Caucasus<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">Crossref<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><li class=\"pf-srchub__item\">\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__t\" translate=\"no\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110694277-010\" rel=\"noopener\">10 Armenian Language and Identity in Iran: The Case of Iranian Armenians of Isfahan<\/a><\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__m\" translate=\"no\">Saeed Rezaei, Maryam Farnia \u00b7 2023 \u00b7 De Gruyter<\/p>\n  <p class=\"pf-srchub__b\"><span class=\"pf-srchub__k\">Article<\/span><span class=\"pf-srchub__src\" translate=\"no\">OpenAIRE<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li><\/ol><p class=\"pf-srchub__foot\">Sources, licences and fetch dates: <span translate=\"no\">Crossref (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.crossref.org\/documentation\/retrieve-metadata\/rest-api\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown<\/a>), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (<a href=\"https:\/\/doaj.org\/terms\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (<a href=\"https:\/\/graph.openaire.eu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)<\/a>), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (<a href=\"https:\/\/help.openalex.org\/access\/pricing\/\" rel=\"noopener\">CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)<\/a>), 2026-10-23.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<aside class=\"pf-closing\" aria-label=\"Build it with us\"><div class=\"pf-closing__text\"><h2 class=\"pf-closing__title\">Build it with us<\/h2><p>Join as a member, or tell us what your city needs. 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