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Ceasefires like the one between Iran and Israel often fail – but an agreement with specific conditions is more likely to hold

By Donald Heflin, Executive Director of the Edward R. Murrow Center and Senior Fellow of Diplomatic Practice, The Fletcher School, Tufts University Within hours of President Donald Trump unexpectedly announcing an upcoming ceasefire between Israel and Iran on June 23, 2025, both countries launched airstrikes against the other.“We basically have two countries that have been … Continue reading “Ceasefires like the one between Iran and Israel often fail – but an agreement with specific conditions is more likely to hold”

Ibn Battuta, a 14th-century judge and ambassador, travelled further than Marco Polo. The Rihla records his adventures

By Ismail Albayrak, Professor of Islam and Catholic Muslim Relations, Australian Catholic University In our guides to the classics, experts explain key literary works.Ibn Battuta, was born in Tangier, Morocco, on February 24, 1304. From a statement in his celebrated travel book the Rihla (“legal affairs are my ancestral profession,”) he evidently came from an … Continue reading “Ibn Battuta, a 14th-century judge and ambassador, travelled further than Marco Polo. The Rihla records his adventures”

Israel bombed an Iraqi nuclear reactor in 1981 − it pushed program underground and spurred Saddam Hussein’s desire for nukes

By Jeffrey Fields, Professor of the Practice of International Relations, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences Israel, with the assistance of U.S. military hardware, bombs an adversary’s nuclear facility to set back the perceived pursuit of the ultimate weapon. We have been here before, about 44 years ago.In 1981, Israeli fighter jets supplied … Continue reading “Israel bombed an Iraqi nuclear reactor in 1981 − it pushed program underground and spurred Saddam Hussein’s desire for nukes”

US attack on Iran lacks legal justification and could lead to more nuclear proliferation

By David Hastings Dunn, Professor of International Politics in the Department of Political Science and International Studies, University of Birmingham After a stern warning from Donald Trump, Israel and Iran appear finally to be observing a US-brokered ceasefire announced by Donald Trump overnight on June 23. But just as it remains unclear what the state … Continue reading “US attack on Iran lacks legal justification and could lead to more nuclear proliferation”

Iran’s internet blackout left people in the dark. How does a country shut down the internet?

By Mohiuddin Ahmed, Senior Lecturer of Computing and Security, Edith Cowan University Shutting off the internet within an entire country is a serious action. It severely limits people’s ability to freely communicate and to find reliable information during times of conflict. In countries that have privatised mobile and internet providers, control is often exercised through … Continue reading “Iran’s internet blackout left people in the dark. How does a country shut down the internet?”

Hauntingly familiar? Why comparing the US strikes on Iran to Iraq in 2003 is off target

By Benjamin Isakhan, Professor of International Politics, Deakin University On June 21, the United States launched airstrikes on three Iranian nuclear facilities – Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan – pounding deeply buried centrifuge sites with bunker-busting bombs.Conducted jointly with Israel, the operation took place without formal congressional authorisation, drawing sharp criticism from lawmakers that it was … Continue reading “Hauntingly familiar? Why comparing the US strikes on Iran to Iraq in 2003 is off target”