Linguistics
Talysh: linguistics
Talysh sounds, pronunciation, grammar and core vocabulary.
Tolışi
01Pronunciation
Each letter with its usual sound.
Persian alphabet
| Letter | Romanisation | Sound (IPA) | Recording |
|---|---|---|---|
| ا | ā / not written | ɒː, ʔ | Awaiting licence review |
| ب | b | b | Awaiting licence review |
| پ | p | p | Awaiting licence review |
| ت | t | t | Awaiting licence review |
| ث | s | s | Awaiting licence review |
| ج | j | d͡ʒ | Awaiting licence review |
| چ | ch | t͡ʃ | Awaiting licence review |
| ح | ḥ | h | Awaiting licence review |
| خ | kh | x | Awaiting licence review |
| د | d | d | Awaiting licence review |
| ذ | z | z | Awaiting licence review |
| ر | r | ɾ | Awaiting licence review |
| ز | z | z | Awaiting licence review |
| ژ | zh | ʒ | Awaiting licence review |
| س | s | s | Awaiting licence review |
| ش | sh | ʃ | Awaiting licence review |
| ص | ṣ | s | Awaiting licence review |
| ض | z̤ | z | Awaiting licence review |
| ط | ṭ | t | Awaiting licence review |
| ظ | ẓ | z | Awaiting licence review |
| ع | ‘ | ʔ | Awaiting licence review |
| غ | gh | ɣ, ɢ | Awaiting licence review |
| ف | f | f | Awaiting licence review |
| ق | q | ɢ, ɣ | Awaiting licence review |
| ک | k | k | Awaiting licence review |
| گ | g | ɡ | Awaiting licence review |
| ل | l | l | Awaiting licence review |
| م | m | m | Awaiting licence review |
| ن | n | n | Awaiting licence review |
| و | v / ū / aw | v, uː, ow | Awaiting licence review |
| ه | h | h | Awaiting licence review |
| ی | y / ī / ay | j, iː, ej | Awaiting licence review |
| آ | ā | ɒː | Awaiting licence review |
| ء | ʼ | ʔ | Awaiting licence review |
Sound values are a teaching guide for the standard language, labelled to verify. Dialects differ. To verify
Sources Wikimedia Commons: pronunciation recordings, each under its own open licence. (2026) To verify
02Core words compared
Ten everyday words across the languages of the region.
| Meaning | Persian | Kurmanji | Sorani | Zazaki | Balochi | Azerbaijani | Armenian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| water | آبāb | av | ئاوaw | awe | āp | su | ջուրjur |
| bread | نانnān | nan | نانnan | nan | nān | çörək | հացhatsʻ |
| mother | مادرmādar | dê | دایکdayk | maye | māt | ana | մայրmayr |
| father | پدرpedar | bav | باوکbawk | pî | pit | ata | հայրhayr |
| house | خانهkhāne | mal | ماڵmał | keye | lōg | ev | տունtun |
| night | شبshab | şev | شەوşew | şewe | shap | gecə | գիշերgisher |
| two | دوdo | du | دووdû | di | do | iki | երկուerku |
| three | سهse | sê | سێsê | hîrê | sē | üç | երեքerekʻ |
| eye | چشمcheshm | çav | چاوçaw | çim | chamm | göz | աչքachkʻ |
| name | نامnām | nav | ناوnaw | name | nām | ad | անունanun |
Persian, Kurdish, Zazaki and Balochi are Iranian languages, and many of their core words are related. Azerbaijani is Turkic and Armenian is its own branch of Indo-European, so their words differ. To verify
Sources Steingass. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. Routledge and K. Paul. Digital edition: Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago. (1892) Verified; Chyet. Kurdish-English Dictionary. Yale University Press. (2003) To verify; Wahby and Edmonds. A Kurdish-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. (1966) To verify; Paul. Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie. Reichert. (1998) To verify; Jahani and Korn. Balochi. In Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages. (2009) To verify; Johanson and Csató (eds.). The Turkic Languages. Routledge. (1998) To verify; Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. John Benjamins. (2009) To verify
03Sources
Verified Public domain. The digital edition was reachable on 2026-10-23.
Chyet. Kurdish-English Dictionary. Yale University Press. 2003
To verify
Wahby and Edmonds. A Kurdish-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. 1966
To verify
Paul. Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie. Reichert. 1998
To verify
Jahani and Korn. Balochi. In Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages. 2009
To verify
Johanson and Csató (eds.). The Turkic Languages. Routledge. 1998
To verify
Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. John Benjamins. 2009
To verify
Cite this page
- APA
Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council. (2026). Talysh: Linguistics. iranians.global. https://iranians.global/language/languages/tly/linguistics/
- Chicago
Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council. 2026. “Talysh: Linguistics.” iranians.global. https://iranians.global/language/languages/tly/linguistics/.
- BibTeX
@misc{idcdc2026_language_languages_tly_linguistics, author = {{Iranian Diaspora Cooperation \& Development Council}}, year = {2026}, note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0}, title = {Talysh: Linguistics}, url = {https://iranians.global/language/languages/tly/linguistics/}, howpublished = {https://iranians.global/language/languages/tly/linguistics/}, }- RIS
TY - ELEC AU - Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council DA - 2026/// PY - 2026 ID - idcdc2026_language_l N1 - Licence: CC BY 4.0 TI - Talysh: Linguistics UR - https://iranians.global/language/languages/tly/linguistics/ ER -
04Research and sources
Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.
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Case in Caspian Languages: Gilaki, Mazandarani, Talysh, Tati
Владимир Борисович Иванов, Leyli Rakhimovna Dodykhudoeva · 2025 · RUDN Journal of Language Studies Semiotics and Semantics
ArticleOpenAlexCrossrefOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-NC
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The Evolution of Talysh Ethnic Identity: From Soviet Manipulation to Contemporary Reality
Petr Kokaisl · 2024 · Qeios Ltd
PreprintCrossrefEurope PMCOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0
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Study and Analysis of Body-Related Idioms in the Talysh Language of the Anbaran Region [In Persian]
Afshin Khanbabazadeh, Mahnaz Nezamianbaran · 2025 · زبان کاوی کاربردی
ArticleDOAJOpen access
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mtDNA and Y‐chromosome variation in the Talysh of Iran and Azerbaijan
Ivan Nasidze, Dominique Quinque, Manijeh Rahmani et al. · 2008 · American Journal of Physical Anthropology
ArticleOpenAlexEurope PMCOpenAIRE
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Mountain-meadow lands of the subalpine zone of the Talysh highlands
2023 · AS-ABSTRACTS
ArticleCrossref
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The Problem of Case in Caspian Languages (Gilaki, Mazandarani, Talysh, Tatic)
Владимир Борисович Иванов, Leyli Rakhimovna Dodykhudoeva · 2026 · Iranian and Persian Studies.
ChapterOpenAlex
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Shamkhal Abilov · 2024 · Qeios Ltd
ArticleCrossref
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Positive orientation towards the vernacular among the Talysh of Sumgayit
Calvin Tiessen · 2018 · Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics University of North Dakota Session
ArticleOpenAlexOpen access
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THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON DENUDATION PROCESSES IN THE TALYSH MOUNTAINS
2026 · Elmi Xəbərlər Lənkəran Dövlət Universiteti
ArticleCrossref
Sources, licences and fetch dates: Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; Europe PMC (Metadata reusable; full text under each article’s licence), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)), 2026-10-23.