Dari: writing

01Scripts

• ISO 15924 Arab · Right to left

  ا ب پ تPersian alphabet

  32 letters. Short vowels are not written in ordinary text.

02Alphabet chart: Persian alphabet

Letters: Unicode CLDR exemplar characters for fa.

• 32 letters. Short vowels are not written in ordinary text.
• Persian uses its own digit shapes (CLDR numbering system arabext), different from Arabic digits for 4, 5 and 6.
• Nasta’liq is the traditional calligraphic style; Naskh is the usual print style.

Sources Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) Verified; The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. (2026) Verified

03Romanisation and transliteration

Writing the language in other letters, by open published standards. Libraries use the ALA-LC tables for names and titles.

04Numerals

05Orthography and standards

No official orthography body is recorded for Dari yet.

Sources ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority. (2025) To verify; ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority. (2025) Verified; Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. (2026) Verified

06Keyboards and typing

Windows

Settings, Time and language, Language and region: add the language, then its keyboard. Switch with Windows key and Space.

macOS

System Settings, Keyboard, Text Input: edit Input Sources and add the keyboard. Switch from the menu bar.

Android

In the keyboard app’s settings (Gboard: Languages), add the language and choose its layout.

iPhone and iPad

Settings, General, Keyboard, Keyboards: add the keyboard. Switch with the globe key.

Linux

In the desktop settings (GNOME: Keyboard, Input Sources), add the layout.

Which layouts each system ships for each language changes with every release. Check the list on your device; layouts we have confirmed are named on the language’s page.

07Fonts

On this platform the language is shown with Vazirmatn. Every face is self-hosted under an open licence.

08Sources

1. Unicode Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR), version 49 data. 2026

   Verified Unicode License v3 Exemplar characters and default numbering systems, read 2026-10-23.

2. Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Persian, 2012 version. 2012

   Verified

3. The Unicode Standard, version 18.0.0: Unicode Character Database. 2026

   Verified Unicode License v3 Character names, code points and block ranges.

4. ISO 15924 codes for the representation of names of scripts. Unicode Consortium, registration authority. 2025

   Verified

5. ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority. 2025

   To verify Codes cross-checked through Glottolog records; the code tables themselves were not read.

09Research and sources

Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.

1. THE DARI LANGUAGE AND WORD FORMATION ISSUES IN IRANIAN STUDIES

   Alimova Kh.Z. · 2024 · Zenodo

   ArticleDataCiteZenodoOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

2. Dari (Afghan Persian)

   Adam Baker · 2016 · Journal of the International Phonetic Association

   ArticleOpenAlexCrossrefOpen access

3. Structural Stress and Learned Helplessness in Afghanistan: A Multi-Layer Analysis of the AFSTRESS Dari Corpus

   Jawid Ahmad Baktash, Mursal Dawodi, Nadira Ahmadi · 2026 · arXiv

   PreprintarXivOpen access

4. The Expansion, Popularity and Status of Dari Persian Language In India

   null Sayed Jan Sateh, null Ghulam Reza Safdari · 2024 · Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies

   ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

5. Implications of a Biblical Christian Worldview: A Case Study of Sociology, Language, Art, and Pedagogy Lecturers’ Teaching Practices [Implikasi dari Pandangan Dunia Kristen yang Alkitabiah: Studi Kasus Praktik Pengajaran Dosen Sosiologi, Bahasa, Seni, dan Pedagogi]

   Meri Fuji Siahaan · 2023 · Diligentia: Journal of Theology and Christian Education

   ArticleDOAJOpen access

6. Theoretical Perspectives on the Genesis of the Dari Language

   Uktamova Khilola, Nishanbayeva Aziza · 2023 · Proceedings of the 2nd Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies

   ArticleCrossref

7. 4. Persian, Farsi, Dari, Tajiki: Language Names and Language Policies

   Brian Spooner · 2012 · BRILL eBooks

   ChapterOpenAlexCrossrefOpen access

8. DERIVATIONAL WORD FORMATION IN THE DARI LANGUAGE: AFFIXATION AS A PRIMARY MECHANISM

   Uktamova Khilolaxon Azamat qizi · 2025 · Zenodo

   ArticleDataCiteZenodoOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

9. Dari Language Stopword Lists

   Ghezal Ahmad Jan Zia · 2020 · Technische Universität Berlin

   OtherDataCite

10. A Comparative Study of Compound Verbs in the Varieties of Afghan Persian and Standard Iranian Persian

    Seyed Isa Mousavi, Mohammad Amin Nasseh, Akram Korani · 2026 · Treasury of Persian Language and Literature

    ArticleCrossref

11. A Comparative Study of Dari Persian and English Language Consonant Sounds

    Mahmood Usmanyar · 2022 · Journal of Language Teaching and Research

    ArticleCrossrefOpenAIREOpen access

12. Climatic Changes and Its Role in the Formation of Literary Styles of Dari Language and Literature

    Moutasimbillah Omed, Mohammad Fida Alakozay, Sunatullah Noori · 2024 · Nangarhar University International Journal of Biosciences

    ArticleOpenAIRE

Sources, licences and fetch dates: arXiv (Metadata CC0 1.0; papers under their own licences), 2026-10-23; Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)), 2026-10-23; Zenodo (Metadata CC0 1.0; each record under its own licence), 2026-10-23.