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at launch · Language · fa · Iranian, Southwestern

Farisî (Farsî)

فارسی · Arab script, written right to left. Spoken in Throughout Iran; the language of the state and of the wider diaspora.

iranians.globalThis variety

fa · Arab · right to left · at launch

Language · fa · Iranian, Southwestern · at launch

Farisî (Farsî)

فارسی · Arab script, written right to left. Spoken in Throughout Iran; the language of the state and of the wider diaspora.

See the courses

On the mapWhere spokenrecordedCourses17
Niha
Akademî126 kurs, hîn yek jî ji bo tomarkirinê ne vekirî yeWelatîbûn3 kampanya, 5 bernameMîras116 rojên bibîranînê, 40 tomarên kronolojiyêNûçe88 çavkaniyên pejirandî, hîn tu bûyerên piştrastkirî tune neŞaxdi avabûnê de. Hîn yek jî nehatiye naskirin
ScriptArabright to leftat launch

Tomar

fa
فارسیPersian (Farsi) · Arab
Kod
fa
Malbat
Iranian, Southwestern
Where
Li seranserê Îranê. Zimanê dewletê û yê diyasporaya berfireh
Phase
at launch
Vegirtin
not yet measured
Codes are BCP 47 language and script subtags.

Courses that teach it

17 in the catalogue
Persian script and reading (ZWNJ, nasta'liq)IDCDC-PER-01 · Outline ready, not open yet
Vekirî
Persian A1IDCDC-PER-02 · Outline ready, not open yet
Vekirî
Persian A2 to B1IDCDC-PER-03 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Persian B2 to C1IDCDC-PER-04 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Persian through poetryIDCDC-PER-05 · Outline ready, not open yet
Vekirî
Persian for interpreters (medical, legal)IDCDC-PER-06 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Persian language 101IDCDC-PER-09 · Outline ready, not open yet
Vekirî
Judeo-Persian heritageIDCDC-LNG-08 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Islamic Iran and the Persian renaissanceIDCDC-HIS-03 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
The Persianate worldIDCDC-HIS-12 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Iranians in Europe, North America and the Persian GulfIDCDC-DIA-03 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Modern Persian literatureIDCDC-LIT-05 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Persian literature and poetry 101IDCDC-LIT-08 · Outline ready, not open yet
Vekirî
Persian paintingIDCDC-ART-04 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Persian cuisine and its regionsIDCDC-FOD-01 · Outline ready, not open yet
Vekirî
Intergenerational dialogueIDCDC-WEL-02 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Caring for elders abroadIDCDC-WEL-03 · Planned, outline not written yet
Vekirî
Courses from the Academy catalogue; a course opens for enrolment one by one after review.

Writing

1 script

Its own names

فارسیfārsī
right to left

Alfabe

Arab
Persian alphabetا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح
32 letters
  • Perso-Arabic script with پ چ ژ گ; ZWNJ (U+200C); Persian digits; nasta'liq tradition

From one script to another

Persian to Latin, ALA-LC (2012)Letter by letter. Short vowels are not written in Persian, so a full romanisation needs them supplied from a dictionary. و and ی are read as consonants at the start of a word or beside a vowel letter, otherwise as long vowels.
Persian orthography (Dastur-e khatt-e fārsi)Academy of Persian Language and Literature
divê were piştrastkirin
Names in the language's own writing; each sample keeps its direction.

Çavkanî

10 resources
Loghatnameh Dehkhoda (the Dehkhoda dictionary)dictionary · Dehkhoda Lexicon Institute, University of Tehran · link not checked
divê were piştrastkirin
A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary (Steingass, 1892)dictionary · Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago · checked 2026-10-23
piştrastkirî
Approved terms (Farhang-e vāzhe-hā-ye moṣavvab)terminology · Academy of Persian Language and Literature · link not checked
divê were piştrastkirin
Universal Dependencies: Persian Seraji treebankcorpus · Universal Dependencies · checked 2026-10-23
piştrastkirî
Digital librarylibrary · National Library and Archives of Iran · link not checked
divê were piştrastkirin
Encyclopaedia Iranicareference · Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University · link not checked
divê were piştrastkirin
BBC Persianmedia · BBC World Service (United Kingdom) · checked 2026-10-23 · Public broadcaster.
piştrastkirî
DW Persianmedia · Deutsche Welle (Germany) · checked 2026-10-23 · Public broadcaster.
piştrastkirî
Radio Fardamedia · Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (United States) · checked 2026-10-23 · Publicly funded broadcaster.
piştrastkirî
Glottolog: Western Farsireference · Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology · checked 2026-10-23
piştrastkirî
Each resource shows whether its link was checked. A resource without a checked link is labelled to verify.

Linguistics

family, dialects, sounds and standing
Malbat
Indo-European, then Classical Indo-European, then Indo-Iranian, then Iranian-Nuristani, then Iranian, then Southwestern Iranian, then Middle-Modern Persian, then Modern Southwestern Iranian, then Farsic-Caucasian Tat, then Farsic
Kod
ISO 639-3 pes · macrolanguage fas · Glottolog west2369
Dialects
Western Farsi: Central Persian, Eastern Persian, Northern Persian, Southern Persian (63 listed in all)
Standing
Western Farsi: not endangered (1 (National)) çavkaniya duyemîn
Sounds
23 consonants and 6 vowels, after Majidi and Ternes 1991 · the inventory piştrastkirî

b d d̠ʒ f ɡ ɣ h j kʰ l m n pʰ r s ʃ tʰ t̠ʃ v x z ʒ ʔ æ ɒ e i o u

Farsic
piştrastkirî
Piştrast bike, çavkaniyekê zêde bike an ragihîne
Alîkariya kontrolkirina vê nirxê bike

Paşê çi dibe. Parêzvanek nota te dixwîne û çavkaniyê kontrol dike. Rûpel tenê piştî wê diguhere. Navê te nayê gotin.

Grammar in short

  • Word order is usually subject, object, verb.
  • Nouns have no grammatical gender.
  • The ezafe vowel -e links a noun to the words that describe it, as in ketāb-e man, my book.
  • A definite direct object takes rā after it.
  • The verb agrees with the subject in person and number. Subject pronouns are often left out.
  • The prefix mi- marks ongoing or habitual action. The prefix be- marks the subjunctive and the imperative.

to verify · Windfuhr (ed.). The Iranian Languages. Routledge.

Persian or Farsi

Speakers call the language fārsī. In English, ISO 639 and most libraries name it Persian. Farsi is also common in English, mostly for the language of Iran.

to verify · ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority.; Library of Congress. ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Persian, 2012 version.

One language, three standards

Persian of Iran, Dari of Afghanistan and Tajik of Tajikistan are mutually intelligible in their standard forms. Many linguists treat them as one pluricentric language. Glottolog and ISO 639-3 list them as three languages (pes, prs, tgk), and each state names its own standard.

to verify · Hammarström, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.; Perry. A Tajik Persian Reference Grammar. Brill.; Windfuhr (ed.). The Iranian Languages. Routledge.

In law

The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Article 15) makes Persian the official language and script. It allows regional and tribal languages in the press and media, and the teaching of their literature in schools, alongside Persian.Constitute Project. Constitutions of the world, English translations.
piştrastkirî

Speakers

nenas
Pîvan
speakers
Sal
nehatiye tomarkirin
Çavkanî
Hîn çavkanî tune. Em nenas nîşan didin, ne texmînek.
Rewş
nenas
Piştrast bike, çavkaniyekê zêde bike an ragihîne
Alîkariya kontrolkirina vê nirxê bike

Paşê çi dibe. Parêzvanek nota te dixwîne û çavkaniyê kontrol dike. Rûpel tenê piştî wê diguhere. Navê te nayê gotin.

No speaker figure has been verified for this platform yet. It stays unknown until a census or survey figure is checked with its measure, year and source.

Classification and standing from the sources named on each line. Where views differ, each view is shown with its sources.

Fêr bibe

7 courses
1
Persian script and reading (ZWNJ, nasta'liq)IDCDC-PER-01 · Outline ready, not open yet
2
Persian A1IDCDC-PER-02 · Outline ready, not open yet
3
Persian A2 to B1IDCDC-PER-03 · Planned, outline not written yet
4
Persian B2 to C1IDCDC-PER-04 · Planned, outline not written yet
5
Persian through poetryIDCDC-PER-05 · Outline ready, not open yet
6
Persian for interpreters (medical, legal)IDCDC-PER-06 · Planned, outline not written yet
7
Saturday-school teacher trainingIDCDC-PER-08 · Outline ready, not open yet
A course opens after its outline is reviewed. Until then it is listed with its state.

Key

labels and checks
  • verifiedA figure or claim read at its primary source by a steward or checkers from at least two communities.
  • secondaryA figure or claim cited through a reviewed work rather than read at its primary source.
  • to verifyA figure or claim whose source has not yet been read; it stays in the verification queue.
  • nenasHîn çavkanî tune. Em nenas nîşan didin, ne texmînek.
Parêzvanek berî her guhertinê çavkaniyê kontrol dike. Navê te nayê gotin.
Format
Ev tomar · JSONMarkdownRSS · varietiesAtomJSON FeedCSVJSONKarther nirx çavkanî û etîketa xwe diparêze