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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia)

Urmia and Salmas, and Tehran

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ܣܘܪܝܝܐ

01The language

Codes
ISO 639-3: aii · Glottocode: assy1241 · page code: aii
Family
Afro-Asiatic › Semitic › West Semitic › Central Semitic › Northwest Semitic › Aramaic › Imperial-Middle-Modern Aramaic › Middle-Modern Aramaic › Eastern Aramaic › Central Eastern Aramaic › North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic
Script
Syrc, right to left
Interface
In preparation
Platform phase
By demand
Technology support
Low resource
Shown with
Noto Sans Syriac Eastern

Sources Hammarström, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (2025) Verified; ISO 639-3 code tables. SIL International, registration authority. (2025) To verify

02Names and perspectives

Where names, classification or identity are debated, each view is shown with its sources. The platform takes no side.

  • ܣܘܪܝܬ Sūret

  • Names

    Speakers call their language Sūret. Community names include Assyrian, Chaldean and Syriac. These are also identity terms, and preferences differ between churches and families.

    Sources Khan. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi. Brill. (2016) To verify

03Where it is spoken, and by how many

Urmia and Salmas, and Tehran

Unknown

Speakers: No speaker figure has been verified for this platform yet. It stays unknown until a census or survey figure is checked with its measure, year and source.

04Status

The UNESCO World Atlas of Languages is the United Nations source; its status is shown first and stays to verify until the Atlas can be read. Beside it, the Agglomerated Endangerment Status in Glottolog brings together the Catalogue of Endangered Languages, the UNESCO Atlas and Ethnologue. Ethnologue appears only as a secondary source.

EntryStatusBasisSource
UNESCO World Atlas of LanguagesTo verifyUNESCO. World Atlas of Languages. (2025) To verify
Assyrian Neo-AramaicShiftingEndangeredCampbell, Lee, Okura, Simpson and Ueki. The Catalogue of Endangered Languages (ElCat). (2022) Secondary source via Glottolog

05Legal status

What constitutions say about the language. Quoted from the English translations of the Constitute Project.

06Varieties and dialects

Dialect groups as Glottolog records them. Names stay as published.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

31 dialects recorded

  • Central Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
  • Iranian Koine
  • Northern Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
  • Sapna cluster
  • Urmian group
  • Western Group

Sources Hammarström, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (2025) Verified

07This language’s pages

  • Writing

    Scripts, the alphabet chart, romanisation, numerals, keyboards and fonts.

  • Linguistics

    Sounds in IPA, pronunciation, grammar and core words compared with neighbouring languages.

  • Learn

    A pathway from first steps to fluency, courses, exams and heritage-language programmes.

  • Resources and preservation

    Dictionaries, corpora, libraries and media; endangerment and documentation; how to contribute.

08Courses

09How to help

  • Native translators: translate the pages into Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia). This language gets human translation only.
  • Teachers: teach or help write Assyrian Neo-Aramaic.
  • Sources: point the research team to openly licensed dictionaries, corpora and recordings. Each enters the sources register for review.
  • Fonts and keyboards: report any letter that does not display or type correctly.

10Sources

  1. Hammarström, Forkel, Haspelmath and Bank. Glottolog 5.3. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. 2025

    Verified CC BY 4.0 Classification, dialect groups and the Agglomerated Endangerment Status (AES), read 2026-10-23.

  2. Khan. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi. Brill. 2016

    To verify

  3. UNESCO. World Atlas of Languages. 2025

    To verify Not reachable when checked on 2026-10-23. Its status for each language is to verify.

  4. Campbell, Lee, Okura, Simpson and Ueki. The Catalogue of Endangered Languages (ElCat). 2022

    Secondary source Cited only as Glottolog reports it (its AES source).

  5. Constitute Project. Constitutions of the world, English translations. 2025

    Verified Articles on official languages, read 2026-10-23.

Cite this page
APA

Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council. (2026). Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia). iranians.global. https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/

Chicago

Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council. 2026. “Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia).” iranians.global. https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/.

BibTeX
@misc{idcdc2026_language_languages_aii,
	author = {{Iranian Diaspora Cooperation \& Development Council}},
	year = {2026},
	note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},
	title = {Assyrian {Neo}-{Aramaic} ({Urmia})},
	url = {https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/},
	howpublished = {https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/},
}

Download .bib

RIS
TY  - ELEC
AU  - Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council
DA  - 2026///
PY  - 2026
ID  - idcdc2026_language_l
N1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0
TI  - Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia)
UR  - https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/
ER  -

Download .ris

Licence CC BY 4.0

11Research and sources

Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.

  1. The “Creed of the Karaite Faith ” in the Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Urmia: A Neo-Karaite Group in Iranian Azerbaijan Prior to the First World War

    Hezy Mutzafi, Dan Shapira · 2025 · Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia

    ArticleCrossrefOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  2. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi (4 vols)

    Geoffrey A. Khan · 2016 · BRILL eBooks

    BookOpenAlexCrossrefOpen access

  3. Manlaharban and Aramaic in the Neo-Assyrian Oracular Queries Written by Women

    Jonathan Valk, Saana Svärd · 2024 · Knowledge Commons

    ArticleDataCite

  4. Just a Series of Misunderstandings? Assyria and B?t-Zam?ni, ?adi-/I?tadi-libbušu, and Aramaic in the early Neo-Assyrian State

    Alexander Johannes Edmonds · 2022 · Asia Anteriore Antica

    ArticleDOAJOpen access

  5. The Neo-Aramaic Oral Heritage of the Jews of Zakho

    Oz Aloni · 2022 · Cambridge semitic languages and cultures

    BookOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY-NC

  6. A Poem in the Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Urmia

    L. Yaure · 1957 · Journal of Near Eastern Studies

    ArticleOpenAlexCrossrefOpenAIRE

  7. Catholic Catechism in Urmia Aramaic

    2010 · Catholic Catechism in Urmia Aramaic

    ChapterCrossref

  8. Reading Book for Urmia Aramaic

    Anonymous Anonymous · 2010 · Reading Book for Urmia Aramaic

    ChapterCrossref

  9. Quantifying lexical distances among Nudiz, Mahmudi, and Verin Dvin Urmi (North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic) / Количественная оценка лексических различий между нудезнайским, мамедайским и верин-двинским урмийским (северо-восточные новоарамейские языки)

    Elena Shvedova, Yuri Koryakov, Elizaveta Zabelina · 2026 · Journal of Language Relationship

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

  10. Intransitive clause word order in Neo-Aramaic: information structure, pragmatics and word order shifts

    Dorota Molin · 2024 · Folia Linguistica

    ArticleOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY

  11. NORTH-EASTERN NEO-ARAMAIC AND THE MIDDLE ARAMAIC DIALECTS

    Samuel Ethan Fox · 2008 · Neo-Aramaic Dialect Studies

    ChapterCrossref

  12. Grammaticalization of Adnominal Demonstratives in Neo-Aramaic. Towards the creation of a simple determiner

    Fabio Gasparini · 2014 · RiCOGNIZIONI. Rivista di Lingue e Letterature straniere e Culture moderne

    ArticleOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY

Sources, licences and fetch dates: Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)), 2026-10-23.