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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia): linguistics

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia) sounds, pronunciation, grammar and core vocabulary.

ܣܘܪܝܝܐ

01Grammar at a glance

  • Words are built on consonant roots, as in other Semitic languages.
  • Nouns and verbs have two genders.
  • The verb system is built on old participles.

To verify

Sources Khan. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi. Brill. (2016) To verify

02Core words compared

Ten everyday words across the languages of the region.

MeaningPersianKurmanjiSoraniZazakiBalochiAzerbaijaniArmenian
waterآبābavئاوawaweāpsuջուրjur
breadنانnānnanنانnannannānçörəkհացhatsʻ
motherمادرmādardêدایکdaykmayemātanaմայրmayr
fatherپدرpedarbavباوکbawkpîpitataհայրhayr
houseخانهkhānemalماڵmałkeyelōgevտունtun
nightشبshabşevشەوşewşeweshapgecəգիշերgisher
twoدوdoduدووdûdidoikiերկուerku
threeسهsesêسێsêhîrêsēüçերեքerekʻ
eyeچشمcheshmçavچاوçawçimchammgözաչքachkʻ
nameنامnāmnavناوnawnamenāmadանունanun

Persian, Kurdish, Zazaki and Balochi are Iranian languages, and many of their core words are related. Azerbaijani is Turkic and Armenian is its own branch of Indo-European, so their words differ. To verify

Sources Steingass. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. Routledge and K. Paul. Digital edition: Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago. (1892) Verified; Chyet. Kurdish-English Dictionary. Yale University Press. (2003) To verify; Wahby and Edmonds. A Kurdish-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. (1966) To verify; Paul. Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie. Reichert. (1998) To verify; Jahani and Korn. Balochi. In Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages. (2009) To verify; Johanson and Csató (eds.). The Turkic Languages. Routledge. (1998) To verify; Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. John Benjamins. (2009) To verify

03Sources

  1. Khan. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi. Brill. 2016

    To verify

  2. Steingass. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary. Routledge and K. Paul. Digital edition: Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago. 1892

    Verified Public domain. The digital edition was reachable on 2026-10-23.

  3. Chyet. Kurdish-English Dictionary. Yale University Press. 2003

    To verify

  4. Wahby and Edmonds. A Kurdish-English Dictionary. Clarendon Press. 1966

    To verify

  5. Paul. Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie. Reichert. 1998

    To verify

  6. Jahani and Korn. Balochi. In Windfuhr (ed.), The Iranian Languages. 2009

    To verify

  7. Johanson and Csató (eds.). The Turkic Languages. Routledge. 1998

    To verify

  8. Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. John Benjamins. 2009

    To verify

Cite this page
APA

Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council. (2026). Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia): Linguistics. iranians.global. https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/linguistics/

Chicago

Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council. 2026. “Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia): Linguistics.” iranians.global. https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/linguistics/.

BibTeX
@misc{idcdc2026_language_languages_aii_linguistics,
	author = {{Iranian Diaspora Cooperation \& Development Council}},
	year = {2026},
	note = {Licence: CC BY 4.0},
	title = {Assyrian {Neo}-{Aramaic} ({Urmia}): Linguistics},
	url = {https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/linguistics/},
	howpublished = {https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/linguistics/},
}

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RIS
TY  - ELEC
AU  - Iranian Diaspora Cooperation & Development Council
DA  - 2026///
PY  - 2026
ID  - idcdc2026_language_l
N1  - Licence: CC BY 4.0
TI  - Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (Urmia): Linguistics
UR  - https://iranians.global/language/languages/aii/linguistics/
ER  -

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04Research and sources

Recent and relevant work on this page’s subject, from approved open scholarly sources. Metadata and links only. Titles stay as published. Not yet reviewed.

  1. The “Creed of the Karaite Faith ” in the Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Urmia: A Neo-Karaite Group in Iranian Azerbaijan Prior to the First World War

    Hezy Mutzafi, Dan Shapira · 2025 · Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia

    ArticleCrossrefOpenAIREOpen accessCC-BY-4.0

  2. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi (4 vols)

    Geoffrey A. Khan · 2016 · BRILL eBooks

    BookOpenAlexCrossrefOpen access

  3. Manlaharban and Aramaic in the Neo-Assyrian Oracular Queries Written by Women

    Jonathan Valk, Saana Svärd · 2024 · Knowledge Commons

    ArticleDataCite

  4. Just a Series of Misunderstandings? Assyria and B?t-Zam?ni, ?adi-/I?tadi-libbušu, and Aramaic in the early Neo-Assyrian State

    Alexander Johannes Edmonds · 2022 · Asia Anteriore Antica

    ArticleDOAJOpen access

  5. The Neo-Aramaic Oral Heritage of the Jews of Zakho

    Oz Aloni · 2022 · Cambridge semitic languages and cultures

    BookOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY-NC

  6. A Poem in the Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Urmia

    L. Yaure · 1957 · Journal of Near Eastern Studies

    ArticleOpenAlexCrossrefOpenAIRE

  7. Catholic Catechism in Urmia Aramaic

    2010 · Catholic Catechism in Urmia Aramaic

    ChapterCrossref

  8. Reading Book for Urmia Aramaic

    Anonymous Anonymous · 2010 · Reading Book for Urmia Aramaic

    ChapterCrossref

  9. Quantifying lexical distances among Nudiz, Mahmudi, and Verin Dvin Urmi (North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic) / Количественная оценка лексических различий между нудезнайским, мамедайским и верин-двинским урмийским (северо-восточные новоарамейские языки)

    Elena Shvedova, Yuri Koryakov, Elizaveta Zabelina · 2026 · Journal of Language Relationship

    ArticleOpenAIREOpen access

  10. Intransitive clause word order in Neo-Aramaic: information structure, pragmatics and word order shifts

    Dorota Molin · 2024 · Folia Linguistica

    ArticleOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY

  11. NORTH-EASTERN NEO-ARAMAIC AND THE MIDDLE ARAMAIC DIALECTS

    Samuel Ethan Fox · 2008 · Neo-Aramaic Dialect Studies

    ChapterCrossref

  12. Grammaticalization of Adnominal Demonstratives in Neo-Aramaic. Towards the creation of a simple determiner

    Fabio Gasparini · 2014 · RiCOGNIZIONI. Rivista di Lingue e Letterature straniere e Culture moderne

    ArticleOpenAlexOpen accessCC-BY

Sources, licences and fetch dates: Crossref (Metadata facts, any use; abstracts may be publisher-owned and are never shown), 2026-10-23; DataCite (CC0 1.0 (DataCite metadata)), 2026-10-23; DOAJ (Metadata CC0 1.0 (DOAJ); articles under their own open licences), 2026-10-23; OpenAIRE (CC BY 4.0 (OpenAIRE Graph)), 2026-10-23; OpenAlex (CC0-1.0 data; metered API (free key)), 2026-10-23.